Apple Macintosh XL

Apple · Macintosh

Macintosh XL

Released 1985

A Lisa-derived Macintosh with a 12-inch monochrome display and built-in hard disk, running Macintosh applications through MacWorks.

Type
All-in-one
Processor
68000 5 MHz (Macintosh XL)
Memory
512 KB – 1 MB
Storage
10 MB
Screen
12″
Weight
–

Performance

Processor
68000 5 MHz (Macintosh XL)
CPU cores
1
Memory
512 KB or 1 MB
Storage
10 MB
CPU
5 MHz Motorola 68000 with a 16-bit, 5 MHz data path; no PMMU, FPU, cache or second processor
Memory type
Factory 512 KB, expandable to 1 MB in Apple's January 1985 announcement; two Lisa memory-card slots using 512K boards. Current support lists a 0.5–2 MB range; configurations retain the original Apple memory options rather than later third-party upgrades. 16K ROM
Storage type
Built-in 10 MB hard disk and manually loaded 400K floppy drive; no internal CD drive. MacWorks versions differ in hard-disk access and startup support; the original revision cannot access a hard disk, while later revisions add hard-disk installation and direct startup
Expansion slots
Three Lisa expansion slots

Display

Screen size
12″
Resolution
720 × 364
Panel
CRT
Display type
12-inch monochrome CRT; Apple's model-specific note gives 720 × 364 pixels and overrides the generic resolution matrix. Original pixels are rectangular
Display features
Optional Macintosh XL Screen Kit modifies the screen to show Macintosh text and graphics with the correct proportions. Apple's current support note states 608 × 431 pixels with the kit. The kit requires updated MacWorks XL and a Macintosh-only hard disk, excluding a disk shared with Lisa 7/7 or Workshop

Design and power

Type
All-in-one
Operating system
macOS
Size and weight detail
Apple publishes 48 lb and 15.2 in height × 18.7 in width × 13.8 in depth; original units retained
Power supply
US specification maximum 150 W, 120 V AC, 50–60 Hz and 1.25 A; no backup battery listed
In the box
MacWorks provides the Macintosh software environment on Lisa hardware. Apple announced the Lisa 2/10 rename on 23 January 1985; the original 1985 Macintosh Office brochure offers the XL through authorised dealers. First-sale year retained because no exact first-sale day or month is established; Apple's support introduction date is not adopted as retail sale

Connections

Back ports
RCA video, printer and modem ports; no SCSI or Ethernet. Legacy ports are retained here because the comparison table does not represent their connector types

Configurations

ProcessorMemoryStorageStorage type
68000 5 MHz (Macintosh XL)512 KB10 MBHard drive
68000 5 MHz (Macintosh XL)1 MB10 MBHard drive

Pros and cons

Pros

  • Built-in 10 MB hard disk
  • Larger display than the compact Macintosh models
  • Three Lisa expansion slots

Cons

  • No SCSI or Ethernet
  • Macintosh software requires MacWorks
  • Original display uses rectangular pixels

Closest rivals

Model
TypeProcessorMemoryStorageScreenWeightReleased
All-in-one68000 8 MHz (Macintosh Plus)1 MB–9″–Jan 1986
All-in-oneMotorola 68000 8 MHz (Macintosh 512Ke)512 KB–9″7.5 kg–
All-in-one68000 8 MHz (Macintosh SE)1 MB20 MB9″–1987

Sources

  1. support.apple.com/en-us/112184
  2. archive.computerhistory.org/resources/access/text/2019/04/102779994-05-09-acc.p…
  3. cvxmelody.net/The%20Macintosh%20Office%20brochure%20(1985)%20%5BM1110%5D.pdf
  4. bitsavers.org/pdf/apple/lisa/macintosh_xl/Macintosh_XL_Screen_Kit_1985.pdf
  5. savagetaylor.com/TIL/TIL00813.pdf

Photo: Apple Computer (1985 Office brochure; archived by cvxmelody)

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